South+Africa



Segregation and Discrimination SOUTH AFRICA

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Background: To this day, there are 11 official languages of South Africa, and is known for being wildly diverse. the total population of South Africa is 52,386,000 as of 2012 records. Women in South Africa are expected to live around 56 years while the men are predicted to live until 62; this is the result of the extreme poverty that South Africa faces.

=1948 Election:  = In the 1940s there was a political party in South America, called [|Herenigde Nasionale Party] They won the Election and came to power in coalition with the Afrikaner party. The advocated for white supremacy and institutionalized their policies of segregation. The HNP instigated the harsh discrimination and unjust actions. South Africa is our own for the first time since Union, [|Malan]said: 'Today South Africa belongs to us once more. and may God grant that it will always remain our own.'

**__Daniel Francois Malan __** 1874-1959

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Daniel Francois Malan is known for his extreme Afrikaner nationalism. His role as editor of a magazine introduced him to parliament. Malan was elected Prime Minister in 1924. He was a leader of the "Purified" National Party, which defeated the Unio n party, ten years later, in the 1948 elections. Malan managed to separate government as well as instigate apartheid before he passed away in 1959.

__ Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd __
1901-1966

[|**Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd**], or commonly referred to as, the "architect of the racist laws and segregation practice, known across the globe as ‘grand apartheid', was the  []   prime minister, an academic and an ideologue. His family moved to South Africa from Holland, after the South African war. Verwoerd was in favor of racial segregation and pro Afrikaner nationalism. When Malan came to power, he left his editing job and went to the Senate to represent the [|Nationalist Party.]

=Apartheid: =


 * (1948-1976) **

 The Apartheid was a social system in South Africa where black people are discriminated upon and do not have the same political and economic rights as white people. It effected social, economic, and political aspects of society.

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Social Effects
The Apartheid altered society to extreme extents. There was a strict law prohibiting the marriage between white people and nonwhites. Many Africans and people of a mixed descent were denied jobs because of their skin colors. In these times, society was split into three categories, whites, blacks and colored and were also classified. In order to be considered white, both parents must be completely white. Blacks were permitted to carry round "passbooks" with their personal information, in order to enter non-black areas.( http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~cale/cs201/apartheid.hist.html) The blacks did not receive as good of an educations the whites.

Bantu Authorities Act
(1951)

[|The Bantu Authorities Act] was a legislation that designated all Africans to a homeland and stripped them of all basic rights outside of these independent states. The idea of this act was that all Africans would lose their citizenship in South Africa and any right to have a say in parliament. This act denationalized over 9 million South Africans.

[[image:South-Africa-Flag.jpg width="57" height="43"]] Po litical Effects
The apartheid had many political effects. Tensions heightened as the nonviolent protests, organizations and strikes became armed resistance. People were outraged that only whites could participate in parliament and Senate, Africans had no right to participate in national government.

Suppression of Communism Act
(1951)

[|The Suppression of Communism Act]forbad Africans from partaking in political activity of any sorts. Also it allowed the government to surpress anyone that they felt was threatening the policy of Apartheid.

[[image:South-Africa-Flag.jpg width="59" height="43"]]Economic Effects
South Africa's economy was durable during World War II because they had an abundant supply of raw materials that were sold to the allies during combat. After the end of the war, there was a significant increase in the unemployment rate because of the white citizens that were no longer eligible to work. The apartheid started a long term trade and arms embargo against South Africa.

 Natives Laws Amendment Act (1952) [| The Natives Laws Amendment Act] made it so the Africans were only able to reside in certain places. This limited freedom was another part of the Apartheid effects. Since the Africans had to relocate, and were unemployed, the economy was crashing. The large population of black people in South Africa were no longer benefiting the country and South Africa was slowly depreciating.(  http://www.nelsonmandela.org/omalley/index.php/site/q/03lv01538/04lv01828/05lv01829/06lv01852.htm)

 =Nelson Mandela: = (1918-2013)

[|Nelson Mandela] is commonly known as being the first black president of South Africa. From a young age, Mandela had strong opinions on equality and fighting for what he believed for. He was expelled from his university because he took part in a student protest. in 1944, he founded the ANC Youth League, which was an active opposition of the apartheid policies. In 1952, when he became leader of the ANC Youth League, he participated in a mass protest against the separation of black people and their homelands. Although Nelson was not arrested, the ANC was banned a few days after the violence. In 1962, Mandela was arrested after police learned about his important role in the ANC Youth Leauge, and was sentenced to life in prison. Nelson Mandela was released from prison in 1990 after the ban on the ANC was ended. Just four years later, in August 1994, Mandela was elected the first black president of South Africa. Nelson lived a very successful ad exciting life, including his achievement of winning the nobel peace prize in 1993. Unfortunately, Mandela was diagnosed with tuberculosis and passed away in December of 2013. Nelson Mandela will forever be remembered as a hero and a role model to many people. http://worldgeography.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/123087 terms=nelson%20mandela&webSiteCode=SLN_WGEO&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f123087%3fterms%3dnelson+mand ela&token=4B3700D2BB895C6B8490F41BEB78CE98&casError=False

Globalization

What is globalization?
-[|Globalization] is "the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture."

Globalization in South Africa
http://www.globalization101.org/what-south-africa-thinks-about-globalization-2/

Globalization has had many effects on the social and economic aspects of South Africa. In the 1980s, the National Party institutionalized the Apartheid system, which discriminated the black majority of the South African population. So many Africans and white people oppose the Apartheid and took action against the government. When the apartheid was put in place, there was an extensive amount of sanctions put on South Africa. This obviously angered the citizens and they stood up for their beliefs, which shows globalization. South Africa is also known as one of the most unequal countries in the world, and the Apartheid did not benefit this title. The apartheid caused riots from everyone, blacks and whites, which destroyed the national pride, sent the government plummeting, and overall hurt South Africa as a whole.